Wednesday, November 11, 2020

The 1890 Census

 

The 1890 Census

             We have all searched the census records for clues and information about our ancestors, and we have all discovered that the 1890 census is not available, but I have never known why.  Today I discovered the full story about the loss of those precious records.

          The 1890 census was taken as of June 1, 1890 and gathered different information than former census schedules; there was a separate schedule used for each family with new questions about race, home ownership, ability to speak English, immigration, naturalization, number of children born & living, and Civil War service. Enumerators completed their counting by July 1, 1890 and the original forms were sent to Washington.  At that time we did not have a Census Bureau and the Department of the Interior administered the census. 

          An abstract of the census was published in 1894 revealing the population by States, plus information about agriculture, manufacturing, etc. – but these numbers and statistics are totals and contain no individual information.  The population count ascertained from the records was determined to be 62,979,766.  After that information was taken from the records the original records were then stored in the basement of the Commerce Building as we had no National Archives.

          On January 10, 1921 a fire occurred in the basement where these records were stored and some of the records were burned and most were water damaged.  The damaged records were moved to a warehouse and were later purposely destroyed in the 1930’s. Why they were destroyed is a mystery.  The only remaining records are fragments from various states with fewer than 6,160 names. 

          I have found an online article that explains in detail what happened to the 1890 census.  If you are interested in this subject just check on the links below:

Part 1: 

https://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/1996/spring/1890-census-1.html 

Part 2:

 https://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/1996/spring/1890-census-2.html

Part 3 (Notes only):

https://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/1996/spring/1890-census-3.html

And if this is a subject that you are deeply interested in, you can look at the 1890 Government Pamphlet given to the enumerators:

 https://www.google.com/books/edition/Eleventh_Census_of_the_United_States/f4YZAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=1890+census&printsec=frontcover

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